Product and Evolutionary & Revolutionary Innovations Essay

Product and Evolutionary & Revolutionary Innovations - Essay Example They defined market orientation as the mix of customer orientation & competitor orientation. However Slater and Narver (1998. pp1000-1005) argued that customer orientation and market orientation should not be mixed. Customer orientation often results in short term myopic innovations whereby it is assumed that customers know very well what they want and hence following their wish list will automatically result in improved competitive advantages of the organizations. They further argued that customers grossly lack foresight of what they need and hence the organization will end up getting defocused from what they need and hence their products sell till the time the customers change their choices by realizing that this was not they needed. Market orientation appears similar to customer orientation but there is a fundamental difference - market orientation is focused on customer needs and not their desires. Market orientation needs serious inter-functional orientation because the market s tudy needs to be translated into long term goals and corresponding product innovations. An organization can get the best out of market orientation when they have sufficient skills to develop products that are not easy for competitors to imitate thus achieving an overall enhancements in competitive advantages. Olson & Walker et al. (1995. pp. ... on for new product innovations with help of market orientation - Bureaucratic Control, Individual Liaisons, Temporary Task Forces, Integrating Managers, Matrix Structures, Design Teams and Design Centers. On the other hand, innovations for customer orientation may not require such in-depth inter-functional coordination. Hence, the author concludes that both market orientation and inter-functional orientation of an organization are important and their effective integration results in newness of the products. "Evolutionary" and "Revolutionary" innovations Veryzer (1998. pp. 304-321) defined two fundamental types of innovations - evolutionary or continuous innovations and revolutionary or discontinuous innovations. The evolutionary innovations are targeted to evolve incremental innovations of the existing products thus allowing them to continue with improved features. The revolutionary innovations are radical in nature that takes the world by surprise through some kind of breakthrough that forces the corresponding existing products to obsolescence. The author observed that the definitions of the two types of innovations explained by the researchers are from the perspective of the innovators that are carrying out technological changes in the existing products. But these two aspects should also be seen from the perspective of end users as well. From an end user perspective, something is radical only when it completely changes the way they have been seeing the product. The author hereby presents an example of VCR versus CD/DVD players. Fr om the perspective of the innovators, both are completely different technologies and hence CD/DVD players are revolutionary innovations. But the end users may argue that their primary objective was to see video on their television sets

Tropicana Marketing Essentials Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Tropicana Marketing Essentials - Essay Example Price enables companies to be in a position to understand whether the product they are offering is in line with the prevailing economic features or opting for other measures is considerable (Dubrin, 2011:301). For Tropicana to roll in a new product, it must bear in mind that the current market structure revolves around taste, price, health standards, and other recognizable 21st century related elements. In some cases, some managers assume place is not important especially when dealing with online marketing. Nevertheless, place is very vital since it sets legal and financial issues. Moreover, in marketing, there is the core subject of every company, which is promotion. Promotion composes of the bigger portion of marketing essentials as it includes sponsorships, advertisements, public relations, viral marketing, special offers and many more. This entails that every Tropicana product needs a blend of place, price, and promotion (Doyle, 2008:93). When the product is cheap, placing is bet ter and this leads to lower price offering. Offering attractive Tropicana products at a reasonable price can reduce marketing expenses. Additionally, it can make customers queue in the distribution outlets and travel further in search of the product. This means that the product will need less promotion since the product has its own optimum blend for customers and market conditions (Allen and Albala, 2007: 372-74). Development of new Tropicana Juice (Pomegranate Juice) Products offered by Tropicana portray that the company does not only sell juices, but also sells health. The health of consumers is of utmost importance to Tropicana due to its healthy orange juice with fiber that it launched on December 14, 2005. Due to firm... This report stresses that producing and marketing requires a company to keep the best interests of the consumers at heart. As such, it is vital for Tropicana to conform to factors such as convenience. Customers require proper mode of packaging with respect to different activities. Therefore, in order for Tropicana’s new product to address this issue, it should have different packaging styles that include juices sold in larger bottles for home purposes. Tropicana should ensure the new product taste outshines that of competitors, as taste is one of the valuable reasons as to why consumers purchase certain types of beverages. This paper makes a conclusion that Tropicana should establish a base of enacting overall marketing objectives of the new type of product. Tropicana should predict and analyze customer’s taste then strive to satisfy their needs. In addition, in order to ensure the product continues to exist in the market while bringing reasonable results, the company should ensure it monitors and analyzes market trends. Consequently, Tropicana should anticipate future changes and initiate strategies to overcome its effects. To keep customers expecting more products with extra benefits, the company should increase positive perception among its customers. Furthermore, identifying positions that are distinctive, compelling, and competitive is essential for the well-being of the Tropicana’s new commodity.

Home Network Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Home Network - Essay Example The visual technology with rich animated graphics helps the learners to understand better. Everyone can discuss the lectures and suggestions on forums making a virtual learning environment. Home users can participate online by uploading their suggestions on a particular topic and at the same time sharing the videos and suggestions with the peers. Evaluation of the students is also conducted by E learning, which is an added feature which is beneficial for the home users. Category 5 cables are used for the data transmission in a home network design. CAT-5 is in the form of twisted pairs. This cable consists of 4 copper wire pairs, connecting the network node with RJ 45 connectors.CAT-5 supports up to 100 to 1000 MHz speeds in a full duplex mode (Category 5 Cable. 2007). The length of the cable depends on the distance which needs measurement in the school premises. What are switches and why they are required for deploying a network? A good illustration is available on network dictionary states â€Å"A network switch is a device that joins multiple computers together at a low-level network protocol layer. Technically, network switches operate at layer two (Data Link Layer) of the OSI model† A simple definition is available on eFast Ethernet Cisco switches supporting VLAN functionality are implemented. As compared to the old 10 base-t, the 100 base-t provides 10 times more speed supporting the MAC and MTU. Almost all network adapters supports 100 base-t technology making it a cost saving and efficient choice for local area networks ("Fast Ethernet" 190-190). We will install and configure a 12 port switch, keeping in mind the expansion of the network will not affect by purchasing new network equipment. On the ground floor of the home there is only one switch that is operational and one is installed on the second floor and will be considere d for future expansion of the

History of Movie Essay Example for Free

History of Movie Essay Jon Lewis claimed that the new movies that were being written and produced marked a period of time where it was the â€Å"end of the cinema as we know it. † This could be argued either way by anyone who has both watched some of the classic movies of the past and viewed the new movies of today. There are many reasons to believe that modern movies are just as great as the movies form the past. The modern movies do have some differences that are present in that there are better affects, better overall research, but still the same magical qualities and wonderful imagination that went into films of the past. Therefore it will be argued that it is not the end of the cinema as we know it. By looking at movies from the past, middle time periods and more recent times it can easily be argued that many movies of these time periods put together great plot lines, memorable characters and wonderful lasting interest among those who have watched them. In 1942 Casablanca was released. This movie introduced the world to some of the most memorable characters in film history. It was a true love story that enveloped the viewer and allowed them to feel close to characters like Rhett Butler and Scarlet O’Hara. This movie also gave the viewer a hope that love could prevail above all else. In an argument about how there are still movies made that have these same values, a great story plot line that whisks the viewer into another world and a cast of unforgettable characters one could look at the movies ET and Mullholland Drive. ET was released in 1982 and again introduced the viewer to ET and the wonderful family that allowed him to be at home in their home. The movie brought hope to many that all people could be accepted and that no matter how different one was there was a way for them to be able to gain such acceptance. Mullholland Drive also used some of these same key factors although it was released years later in 2001. This movie’s plot was a bit difference and rather than giving hope about a life that could possibly happen it instilled some fear in people about what could possibly happen if luck were to strike one the other way. However the movie was a great a film that incorporated many different aspects of film technique and it also left a memory in the mind of the viewer as David Lynch (the film’s producer) was able to portray such a real portrayal of life. When looking through movies that are from the different time periods of the American cinema it is easy to see that the times and what is going on really do affect the movies that are popularized and remembered as being part of the time period. These movies depict both current things that are happening as well as looking at the historical events. In 1949 The Sands of Iwo Jima was released and quickly became a popular hit and movie and yet is another movie that has continued to be viewed by audiences over the past six decades. This movie was a portrayal of a group of U. S. Marines that were in a battle in World War II. In light of the times the movie was a portrayal of a part of the world that was unknown to many of the people who were living in the United States. Some more modern movies, although maybe a bit more far fetched, have also looked at the times and what is going on and have drawn their conclusions from these themes. One of these movies was 1999’s The Matrix. This movie was released during one of the largest technological booms that the country has seen. This movie portrayed aspects of the new forms of technology and what could happen if the world continued to grow technologically more advanced. Another movie that looked at problems associated with modern times was Sin City which was released in 2005. This movie looked at the world of crime and organized crime as it has been able to advance in more modern times. Another way that the cinema has been upheld is through the ways that values and beliefs have been portrayed through the movies of the time. Obviously through modernization there have been changes in the way that beliefs have been looked at but through the cinema these beliefs have been marked for all future generations in great pic time pieces that look at the things that are involved. This topic of values, although still portrayed in films has changed greatly. In 1959 Ben Hur was released and it promoted the standard values and beliefs of Christianity and the morals that are portrayed in The Bible. This movie was portrayed in this way as the majority of the country upheld these same beliefs and values. In the 1970’s the morals of the Untied States were changing drastically. By looking at films and the portrayal of interest in organized crime and more cynical events, as evidenced in 1972’s The Godfather, one can see that although the morality and the values of the country were still being upheld they were changing and the films were changing to meet the demands and interests of the people at the time. Much later in 1994’s Pulp Fiction, there was still this profound interest in crime and the ways that organized crime has been ran only there were much less morals in the overall themes than there had been previously in film. This is due in part to the continued evolution of change in the morality of the citizens of the United States. There have also been monumental portrayals of creativity and imagination in the movies that have been portrayed throughout the times. There have been different types of creativity and imagination has evolved but these features have given the viewer a place to escape to and somewhere that they would like to travel by watching the films over and over again. In 1965’s The Sound of Music, one is led into a world where a wonderful nanny moves in with some rather obnoxious children and learns how to befriend and be able to do her job through the magic of music. This movie whisked the viewer away to another place and led the viewer to hope that he/she was able to have that same type of sing-song wonderful life. In 1999’s The Blair Witch Project a group of college students decided to get creative and make a movie that would end up making them millions. This movie did focus a bit on the mythical belief that there could be modern day witches or members of the occult in the world around the viewer. The film was creatively filmed in a manner that led the viewer to believe that it was a work of non-fictional filming and that the events that were happen on camera were really happening to the actors. Another great portrayal of creativity has been in The Polar Express, released 2004. This film was the cinematic portrayal of a classic children’s book that was meant to show the viewer the wonder and mystery of Christmas and Santa Claus. All of these films used creative elements and things that the viewers could appreciate and that would add a little bit of mystery and fun to the viewers’ lives. In conclusion cinema has changed and evolved over the years. Although there is no way to say that cinema has ended as it was once known. Films are still portraying the same types of things as they have in the past. There are the films that are portraying a story line and are meant to whisk the viewer away, films that are looking at historical events and evolvement, films that are looking at the values and morals of the time period in which they are created, and films that are used purely to induce imagination and creativity. It is absurd to think that there was not supposed to be any type of evolvement in the world of film however it is also absurd to think that this has to be a negative thing and that it has to end the world of cinema or film as it was previously known. Therefore it is logical to disagree with Jon Lewis’ thoughts on the world of cinema changing in a negative way.

Scandle in the church :: essays research papers

Headlines were captured in February by the tragic reports that as many as seventy priests in the Archdiocese of Boston, Massachusetts, allegedly have abused young people whom they were consecrated to serve. In the wake this news, allegations of sexual abuse by Catholic priests have sprung up nationwide. It is a huge scandal, one that many people who dislike the Catholic Church because of its moral teachings are using to claim that the Church is hypocritical and that they were right all along. Many people have come up to priests like myself to talk about it. I imagine many others have wanted to but have refrained out of respect or from not wanting to bring up bad news. We need to tackle the issue head-on. We cannot pretend it doesn't exist, and I would like to discuss what our response as faithful Catholics should be to this terrible situation. The Judas syndrome The first thing we need to do is to understand this scandal from the perspective of our faith in the Lord. Before he chose his first disciples, Jesus went up the mountain to pray all night (Luke 6:12). He had many followers at the time. He talked to his Father in prayer about whom he should choose to be his twelve apostles-the twelve whom he would form intimately, the twelve whom he would send out to preach the good news in his name. He gave them power to cast out demons. He gave them power to cure the sick. They watched him work countless miracles. They themselves worked countless others in his name. Yet one of them tuned out to be a traitor. One who had followed the Lord-who had seen him walk on water and raise people from the dead and forgive sinners, one whose feet the Lord had washed-betrayed him. The gospels tells us that Judas allowed Satan to enter into him and then sold the Lord for thirty pieces of silver, handing him over by faking a gesture of love. "Judas," Jesus said to him in the garden of Gethsemane, "would you betray the Son of Man with a kiss?" (Luke 24:48). Jesus didn't choose Judas to betray him. But Judas was always free, and he used his freedom to allow Satan to enter into him, and by his betrayal Jesus was crucified and executed. But God foresaw this evil and used to accomplish the ultimate good: the redemption of the world.

Wilderness vs Civilization

Wilderness Versus Civilization In â€Å"The Place, the Regions, and the Commons,† Gary Snyder discusses the importance of place when dealing with the environment and establishment of ideological hearths. The contrasting sides between the natural world and synthetic societies play a large part within the essay, for we must take a stand when determining our own personal place. Snyder cites many examples of how humanity's search for place leads to the destruction of the natural world around us, such as overgrazing in the commons.This clash between the necessity for a stable â€Å"place† and the universal needs of nature force us to find an equilibrium in which a comprehensive happiness can be reached. Snyder follows up on this environmental critique with a deeper philosophical mindset. He eagerly suggests the idea that our longing for â€Å"place† severely reflects our subconscious tendencies and realities. There are a frustrating number of examples of bioregional s elfishness, such as the tragedy of the commons.However, there are also a delightful abundance of examples that demonstrate the optimistic and altruistic deeds completed in order to insure the health of the habitat within. There are two sides of a coin when dealing with the darkness and purity of mankind as a whole. This same coin exists within us individually, and it is up to us to decide which side lands facing up. It is a difficult task to describe the inner conflicts that occur within myself solely through text. In order to properly express my true feelings and thoughts, another medium must be used.In this scenario, it would be best to demonstrate my newfound resolve and terror through the eyes of a camera lens. Ever since I moved to Boone to begin my college career, I have begun a new personal era of introspection. I seek to know why I commit the corrupt sins that I succumb to, and why I choose to aid subjects that I could optionally neglect. By observing these hidden demons and saints within my soul, I am able to emulate it onto the surface and understand the world as a whole. As Susan Sontag eloquently points out: â€Å"As photographs give people an imaginary possession of a post that is unreal, they also help eople take possession of space in which they are insecure†. In essence, I feel that this picture aptly describes the state of wildness within our fabricated society. The leaf is being consumed by the manufactured acts of humanity, and I feel helpless as I gaze onto it's decaying structure. My mind immediately begins to take responsibility for nature's impending fall into this desolate land. The wildness within us inhibits our sympathies towards the habitats that we constantly surround ourselves with. Civilization is being dominated in this photograph.The trees stand tall, the bushes lay as a shroud of eloquence atop a seething boredom of concrete. The mountains extend their hand to the sky, greeting it with a warm resolve. The wild side to m yself would scuffle this minor victory for nature under the carpet and continue onwards, however the civilized side recognizes the absolutely exquisite act of defiance by the cosmos. As Snyder states: â€Å"The State is destroyed, but the mountains and rivers remain†, the wilderness ignores our presence almost as much as we tend to ignore it. rom the cataclysmic tendencies that plague most. In this fleeting moment of nonsensical entertainment, serenity is achieved and balance is restored; leaving the rest to remain asunder. The war between wilderness and civilization rages inside all of us. The guilt of our selfish actions is only matched by our desire for a better â€Å"place†. These individual conflicts add up to a cumulative impact on the region that we live in. It is apparent that the cruelty of man has influenced certain areas for the worse.My exploration of Boone has led me to conclude that a somewhat stable symmetry between both sides has been formed. There is a sense of order within this town, for many advocates have cascaded a protective sheath around the weakening wild. Even as the nature dwindles away, it is merely retreating and waiting to have the last laugh. The resilience of nature will surely outlast the overabundance of man. This conclusion leaves me hollow and optimistic at the same time, clouding any absolute fulfillment within myself individually.When mankind has free reign, the oversaturation of our greed typically poisons the vulnerable. This is why Snyder urges us to take great efforts in order to restore the equilibrium between civilization and the wilderness. Our time is beginning to run thin as the battle between both sides continue, but Snyder urges us to stay positive and learn from our mistakes in order to reach complete attainment in the future. ———————– I took this picture after the conclusion of my final class on Thursday.I was in the process of contemplation when I looked down and noticed this lonesome leaf surrounded by the artificial landscape. I immediately felt that this small act of symbolism was worth capturing for eternity. It occurred just outside of the Central Dining Hall. I gazed upon the mountain skyline and noticed the rampant growth of trees from my lowered perspective on the ground. This observation made me smile, which led to the capturing of the photograph. By altering my perception of the world around me, I was able to obtain this earthly image.I was extremely delighted to spectate my first game of Quidditch since arriving to my new home. The rambunctious cheers of both sides were only rivaled by the serene beauty brought upon by the landscape on Sanford Mall. I felt like this universal victory should be documented as a model for co-dominance between the wild and civilization. The leaves fall from the trees, as if they are jumping from the stands in an attempt to join the game. The men and women pay respect to the worl d around them by refraining

Rise of Industry in the Late 19th Century

During the 1860’s America was in a period of economic hardship due to the ongoing demand for materials and money to fund the war. In the South, sufficient money and materials were hard to acquire because the southern economy still depended on the labor of slaves to produce their goods and income rather than factories. The Northern economy used numerous factories to produce goods and make profit for the war, but they still did not have technology that was advanced enough to easily produce all the necessary materials and money. After the civil war, America embarked on a journey of economic expansion and unification for the nation. In the late 19th century, government policies, technological advancements and population changes contributed to the rise of industry in America. Many government policies were created in the 19th century to encourage expansion and growth for America. Three very influential policies were the Homestead Act, the Pacific Railway Act and laissez-faire. The homestead act was passed by Congress in 1862 to encourage settlement of western land. It promised any citizen of the United States that was at least 21 years old a homestead of 160 acres under the terms that they paid a 10 dollar registration fee, farmed on the land for 5 years and lived on the land for at least 6 months out of a year. When passed, the act proved a success at allowing huge masses of people to further enlarge and develop America because â€Å"settlers from all walks of life including newly arrived immigrants, farmers without land of their own from the East, single women and former slaves came to meet the requirements† (Weiser). The pacific railway act of 1862 provided the Union Pacific and Central Pacific railroad companies with federal land grants and funds to construct a transcontinental railway that would unite the country as one. With the completion of the railroad, industry had the opportunity to rise across America because the transportation time of goods, capital, and people was significantly decreased and more efficient. Laissez-faire was a policy practiced by government that preached a free market economy. Under laissez-faire, the business’s of America were able to grow and acquire larger sums of money because the government had little to no interference in the actions of companies. In the 19th century as settlement and companies expanded across America, technological discoveries were being made as part of an industrial revolution that would further the efficiency and growth of industry. With the transcontinental railroad, the steam engine could transport materials, machinery, goods and more to companies across America with much more ease than horses and wagons could in previous times. The invention of the telephone by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876 increased communication between people to help the coordination and cohesiveness of companies. One brilliant inventor, Thomas Alva Edison, provided the nation with numerous inventions, two of which were the light bulb and the electric generator. As industrialization occurred, machinery was used to produce materials instead of human labor in order to increase production and profit. With the aid of Edison’s electrical generator, the machines of textiles could work faster and more efficient to maximize benefits. Also, with the aid of the light bulb, textiles were able to have longer work hours and produce larger quantities because the restriction of daylight hours was no longer a problem. â€Å"By the end of the nineteenth century, the nation was about to become a mass-production economy† because â€Å"the utilization of steam and electricity, the introduction of improved processes and labor-saving machinery†¦ multiplied enormously the effectiveness of labor† (Chandler 277; George 50). As America was booming from government policies and new technology, population changes also took effect to contribute to the rise of industry. Population was steadily rising due to immigration, migration, and improved conditions of living. Millions of European and Asian immigrants came to America in search of a more promising and successful life. These immigrants created a growing work force that big industries took advantage of by using the minimally paid workers to help produce more for their companies. Along with westward migration in America, â€Å"In the post-civil war period, cities swelled in population as a twin migration of immigrants and rural Americans flocked to the glittering urban environment† (Riis 320). This urbanization solidified the transition of the nation from an agricultural economy to an industrial one. Also in the 19th century, population was at a high compared the past because of improvements in health care, a higher reproduction rate and a better standard of living. These population changes provided America with a large, growing consumer economy that allowed industry and business to thrive. Compared to previous times, America ended the 19th century at an all time high due to new government policies, technological advancements and population changes. With the help of federal encouragement to settle westward and unite the country, industry was able to expand to more places across the nation. In these numerous factories, textiles and other working places, new machinery and technology was used to produce greater quantities in a shorter amounts of time which allowed industry to gain more profit and grow. These successful and innovative factories attracted immigrants and rural Americans, and pushed them to move to cities where industry and business could be a main focus. The growth of American industry in the 19th century took the nation to a whole new developmental level, and from there the nation continued to thrive and evolve. Citations Chandler, Alfred D. The Beginnings of â€Å"Big Business† in American Industry. 1959. American Issues. New York: Glencoe, 1994. 277-80. Print. Evans, Harold. â€Å"The Spark of Genius. † 2004. American History. Vol. 2. Dubuque: McGraw Hill, 2007. 6-21. Print. George, Henry. â€Å"Progress and Poverty. † 1879. America's History. Fourth ed. Vol. 2. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin's, 2001. 50-51. Print. Riis, Jacob. â€Å"Life in the Tenements of New York City. † 1890. Voices of the American Past. Second ed. Vol. 2. Orlando: Harcourt College, 2001. 320-22. Print. Story, Jill. â€Å"Lecture. † 27 Sept. 2010. Story, Jill. â €Å"Lecture. † 5 Oct. 2010. Weiser, Kathy. â€Å"The Homestead Act – Creating Prosperity in America. â€Å"Legends of America – A Travel Site for the Nostalgic and Historic Minded. Apr. 2010. Web. 12 Oct. 2010. .